By Chris Haddock
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September 5, 2023
The Scene We were growing, our renewal rate was not. New logos coming in and the sales team had been flying all over the country closing deals with actual paper contracts. We were making waves in the market as disruptors to the only big, but never innovating, incumbent. As the customer base expanded, I shifted from sales to head up what would become our customer success management (CSM) team, although that term wasn’t really as big as it is today. As a first step, I audited our customer base and checked-in on how things were going. Red flags, several, flapping all over the place. Out the gate I discovered a few customers, but one in particular, were stealing massive amounts of our data and reselling it in China! No one had any idea that this customer, likely a fake person somewhere in Boston (the location of their "office"), was a front for an overseas company that was taking our precious data and reselling it on their website. I went full Sherlock, tracking down all the IP addresses, geo-tracing to the territory, narrowing down the region and eventually matching it with their website in eastern Asia. I even found the registered agents and tried cross-referencing it to the name on the credit card used. This was costing us thousands in IP and we were feeding competition that had been undercutting our value prop for a while. They made a business off of us. We shut it down and implemented some mitigating controls, after trying to catch the guy in Boston. We even had two FBI cyber crimes agents come into our office and sit with me and our CEO telling us they had no jurisdiction, just be more mindful of your customers. “ Be more mindful of your customers .” The Boston guy was in the wind. This was not customer success. We were so busy closing these new logos up front that we didn’t see what was going out the back. We had built-in blind spots. After that, and a few other interesting finds, I saw that a big change in our customer success team incentive structure was needed, and likely a primary cause of our oversight on what was going on under the hood with our clients. This was as big of an issue as Chinese data pirates. We were also losing smaller paying customers fast and the churn was compounding. Here’s what was happening: we had a structure where the Account Executives (AEs) were also Account Managers (Ams) that operated like both hunters and farmers , with a few BDRs chipping in as assistants across the customer journey. These hunter-gatherers obtained the net new logos and also managed the book of businesses they were growing; being paid commission on the front for a new sale and on the back-end, based on the monthly YoY NRR growth as well. The dynamic that emerged out from this was one where higher paying customers got the best attention because they paid out the most. Surprise. Not having a fully focused CSM team yet, we had to do some hands-on incentive designing. Cultural Implications The shift was a cultural one. At startups, compensations plans can change from one leadership meeting to the next. Not to mention how often things changed with territories or how customers were being targeted by either commercial, strategic, enterprise, industry etc… These rapid shifts often amplify how the sales reps react to the changes, and so trying to retain staff creates a tension where any customer-centric value culture gets lost in the shuffle. Customer success may be a slogan in such circumstances, but not a reality. While higher paying customers were well taken care of, taken out for fancy meals, getting frequent check-ins and business reviews, the lower paying clients were sent a scripted email and were hopefully simply auto-renewed. Not a surprising outcome when the CSM team was incentivized with monthly quotas goals. This also brought everyone into the weekly Monday sales call where, depending on the sales leadership, can be infused with a bunch of alphas talking like A-players , crushing quotas and president’s club dreams. Totally focused on…not the customer. Discussions about what campaign can our marketing team deploy to get the customers on a demo in front of the new solution we’re shipping by end of quarter. Good for sales teams, and discussion like this are appropriate for the internal sales team call, but not for the customer success managers who are playing a longer value game, not only a short term one. Our CSM team was a team of CSMINOs, CSMs-In-Name-Only (yes I just created that term…@ me!). Unwinding the Monthly Incentive Structure In this case, the need for a strong CSM team not tethered to a monthly commission was key. Sure, nowadays everyone would say that’s obvious, but back in the mid 2000s, when software and platform service sales were growing, it wasn’t. There were still some subprime mortgage loans going around and a boiler room mentality . We needed to focus on longterm customer value and still take care of (pay well) the reps supporting them. So, I decoupled the incentive and replaced it with a pool bonus, where everyone worked to take care of even the little guy and were still rewarded, as a team. There was a bonus kicker for individual contributors that had 90-95% and 96-100%+, YoY NRR growth, but it was a kicker, icing on the cupcake (portion control). The team pool was where the money was at. Some team members even stepped in to help others so the pool threshold hit the percentages! Instead of a pressurized CSM culture of head to head competition, it was collaboration. The ship began to turn around. And, with no more data pirates siphoning our goods, we grew more steadily. Healthy renewal rates returned and we were in a position to acquire some competition, having continually solidified our market position. Seeing Through the Customers' Eyes There’s endless debate for different approaches, yet this is what worked in our situation. There was a heavy weight on the shoulders of the team taking care of customers. What most CSM reps had in the back of their minds had nothing to do with the quality of support the customers ought to be receiving, but whether or not the customer would renew that month and get them a check. Personally I didn’t mind the commission, but I genuinely found so much more meaning and fun partnering with our customers to solve interesting problems and discover new value for them. Today, with the inclusion of mental health, unlimited PTO, heavy nurturing culture focus, bonusly points etc… it may be much simpler. However it’s got to be baked in from the start. Seeing through the eyes of every customer and deeply appreciating their business partnership is critical for success, even if they’re a little guy. Current low paying customers may become an enterprise customer within one quarter due to an event and bump their revenue spend significantly. It’s important to reverse engineer the voice of the customer and ensure we in the profession hear them, understand them and create a path forward together. If the internal power user is unhappy, that would put an end to any future growth. And, if their industry is small enough for them to talk with counterparts, that could hurt new sales and your company’s brand as well. Customer success is more than a department. It’s a vital organ to your business, in some cases the lifeblood due to constant interaction the CSM team has liaising between your company and the customer. One interaction can make or break that relationship. As the FBI would say, “be more mindful of your customers.”